i have 1 more doubt. i've been patting him to sleep over my shoulder, but it seems like getting harder and harder to make him sleep. he's very tired, he might be (as i can't see with his head next to my neck) half-closing his eyes over my shoulder, but he's still moaning alot and can't fall asleep immediately. for his bedtime, i'll carry him until he's drowsy and i'll lie down with him on my bed and pat him to sleep, he'll then fall asleep after a while (might need few tries). but it will be difficult if i don't have bed with me eg. when i'm out. another problem when i'm out is that he likes looking around and just wouldn't go to sleep. i'm worried that if he doesn't sleep (even though sleepy), he'll be overtired and cry later (which he did few times). anyway to overcome this? and what's the reason of him moaning so much when he wants to sleep?